混合传热原理热流传感器的多系数标定方法

Multi-Coefficient Calibration Method of The Heat Flux Sensor Based on The Hybrid Heat Transfer Principle

摘要:

准确的热流数据对于了解飞行器所处热环境和设计优化飞行器热结构具有重要意义。热流测量技术发展的重要方面是热流的标定和标定数据的处理。基于混合传热原理的热流传感器在处理数据时，需要利用储热项、温差项等不同来源的热流分项。这些分项的误差来源和影响大小存在区别，特别是试验时间较长时，部分误差因素会导致热流误差的变化，使得常规的单系数标定方法存在局限。本文提出了将各热流分项分别进行系数修正，利用试验标定中的温度数据和已知输入热流，通过最小二乘法求解出标定系数矩阵的多系数标定方法。对标定试验数据的分析和处理结果表明：利用多系数标定方法能够获得与试验标定输入热流一致性更好的热流处理结果，在试验数据量足够大时，在标定时间范围内，标定偏差小于5%。

Abstract:

It is of great significance to obtain accurate heat flux data for understanding the thermal environment and optimizing the thermal protection system of the flight vehicles. The important aspects of heat flux measurement technology development are heat flux calibration and heat flux data processing. The heat flux sensor based on the hybrid heat transfer principle needs to utilize heat flux terms from different sources, such as the heat storage term and the temperature difference term to achieve heat flux results during data processing. The error sources and the magnitudes of influence of these terms are different, resulting in limitations of the common single-coefficient calibration method. Especially when the testing time is longer, some error factors will cause changes in heat flux measurement error. This paper proposes a multi-coefficient calibration method that corrects each heat flux term using different coefficients separately. Based on the temperature data in the calibration test and the known input heat flux, the calibration coefficient matrix is solved using the least squares method. The analysis and processing results of the calibration testing data show that using the multi-coefficient calibration method, the heat flux results are in better agreement with the input heat flux than those using the single-coefficient method. With enough testing data, the calibration deviation is less than 5% within the calibration time.