基于多波束偏振探测体制的星载云-气溶胶探测雷达设计和仿真

Design and Simulation of Cloud-aerosol Detection LiDAR Based on Multi Beam Polarization Detection System

摘要:

星载激光探测载荷具有云、气溶胶垂直廓线的探测能力。国内外已有的载荷，例如美国Calipso卫星的Caliop雷达、国内“句芒号”卫星的多波束激光雷达和大气污染监测卫星的大气探测激光雷达，为单波束云-气溶胶探测，单次探测区域较窄。提出了多波束云-气溶胶探测激光雷达系统，该系统工作于800 km卫星轨道，采用多波束探测体制，扩展雷达的探测幅宽到30 km，中心波束采用双波长偏振探测获取大气气溶胶、云的垂直廓线和粒子种类，边缘波束采用单波长探测获取云垂直廓线，可极大地提高数据获取效率。采用单光子探测和模拟探测结合的探测方式，模拟探测保证探测的动态范围，单光子探测具有极高的探测灵敏度，降低雷达所需的激光能量，降低雷达的重量和功耗。最终通过模拟仿真，验证了星载多波束云-气溶胶探测雷达对典型云、气溶胶的探测效果。

Abstract:

The space-borne laser detection system has the capability to detect the vertical profile of clouds and aerosols. Existing payloads, such as the Caliop radar on the US Calipso satellite, the multi-beam LiDAR on the domestic "Goumang" satellite, and the atmospheric detection lLiDAR on air pollution monitoring satellites, are limited to single-beam cloud-aerosol detection with a narrow detection area. A proposed solution is a multi-beam cloud-aerosol detection LiDAR system that operates in a satellite orbit of 800 km and utilizes a multi-beam detection system to extend radar coverage to 30 km. The central beam employs dual-wavelength polarization detection for obtaining vertical profiles and particle species of atmospheric aerosols and clouds, while the edge beam uses single-wavelength detection for cloud profiling. This approach significantly improves data acquisition efficiency through simulation-based verification of dynamic range and high sensitivity single photon detections which reduce laser energy requirements, as well as radar weight and power consumption.Finally, through simulation, the detection effect of space-borne multi-beam cloud-aerosol detection radar on typical clouds and aerosols is verified.