太阳同步对日定向卫星的测控天线布局设计

TT&C Antenna Placement of Sun-Pointing Satellite in Sun-Synchronous Orbit

摘要:

对日定向姿态卫星在轨没有固定指向地球的一侧，若采用在卫星对天面和对地面反向对称各安装一副测控天线以实现准全向覆盖的传统布局设计，在测控弧段中地面站方位跨越测控天线组合方向图干涉区的过程中，测控链路极易受到该区域天线增益的剧烈波动而出现链路中断，从而对测控任务产生较大影响。太阳同步轨道具有轨道平面和太阳矢量保持相对固定夹角的特性，若运行于太阳同步轨道的卫星采用对日定向姿态，则可利用该轨道特性，结合我国地面站主要位于北半球的特点，通过优化测控天线在星上的布局，减少测控天线干涉区对测控链路的影响。通过仿真分析给出该设计的具体实现过程，并给出不同轨道高度和降交点地方时对应的测控天线推荐安装角度，可为运行在太阳同步轨道上的对日定向姿态卫星提供测控天线布局参考。

Abstract:

TT&C communication link of sun pointing satellite in sun-synchronous orbit is easy to be interrupted due to the gain pattern interference area of the satellite’s TT&C antennas which are placed in traditional way. In order to reduce this kind of communication link interruption, the antennas’ placement on the satellite should be optimized by taking advantage of the characteristic that the orbital plane of the sun-synchronous orbit and the solar vector maintain a relatively fixed. In this paper, the concrete realization process of TT&C antennas’ placement for sun pointing satellite in sun-synchronous orbit is given through a simulation example, and the recommended installation angle of the TT&C antennas for sun pointing satellites in different sun-synchronous orbit are also provided as a reference.