高冲击试验测试装置及校准技术研究

Study on dynamic calibration of high-impact test and measuring system

摘要:

研制出Hopkinson杆（霍普金森杆）高冲击加载装置，搭建起高冲击测试校准系统，基于LabVIEW和Matlab软件开发环境，编写系统控制程序，数据分析与处理程序，以高冲击MEMS加速度传感器为被测对象，开展冲击测试与校准技术研究，解算出传感器冲击灵敏度和频率响应指标。试验结果表明：利用该试验测试装置对冲击传感器进行测试校准，满足传感器主要静态指标测试要求；对传感器频响指标进行测试校准，得到传感器幅频特性和相频特性曲线，满足传感器动态特性测试要求。该Hopkinson杆冲击试验测试校准装置及测控系统能够实现冲击加速度传感器主要静态特性和动态特特指标的测试校准要求，平均灵敏度为0.657 548 μV/g，不确定度优于4%，幅值线性度偏差≤±5%的工作频带为12.5 kHz。本研究对高冲击试验测试的应用提供一定借鉴和参考。

Abstract:

Based on the Hopkinson bar shock test system, the cylindrical projectile is used to hit the elastic long pole. It’s convenient for the controlling of the system to design the single-chip computer control box and the upper computer software. The strain gauge is used to collect the stress wave pulse signal in the elastic long rod. The software is written to complete the test and calibration of the sensor in LabVIEW and Matlab environment, which is used to calculate the sensitivity parameters and frequency response curve calculation of the sensor. The quasi-static performance and dynamic performance of the acceleration sensor should be calibrated to ensure the normal using of the sensor in practice. After experimental verification, the shock calibration system with narrow pulse width signal for MEMS sensor basically meet the design requirements, which have good running condition and available test results, mean sensitivity is 0.657 548 μV/g, uncertainty of measurement is within 4%. The amplitude linearity bias is less than ±5%, and working band is 12.5 kHz. This paper provides a certain reference significance and function for the measurement and calibration of high-impact MEMS acceleration sensors.