BDS分集接收机高精度定位技术研究

Research on high precision positioning technology of BDS diversity receiver

摘要:

传统BDS（BeiDou Navigation Satellite System，北斗卫星导航系统）分集接收机在定位时，直接使用每个天线的卫星信号，导致定位位置点不明确，定位精度较低。针对该问题，提出了一种高精度的分集定位技术。首先，给出了一种基于通道码相位的天线时延标定算法，以消除不同天线的硬件时延差异；然后，介绍了一种不依赖于外部姿态信息计算北斗坐标系下天线基线向量的方法，并对计算精度进行了理论分析；最后，介绍了一种考虑天线时延和基线向量的分集定位解算算法，通过将定位结果归算至基准天线，明确了定位位置点，从而提高了定位精度。在室外静态环境条件下进行了对比测试验证，结果表明：该定位技术使BDS分集接收机的定位精度得到了明显提高，达到了单天线的定位精度。

Abstract:

The traditional BDS diversity receiver uses the satellite signal of each antenna for positioning directly, resulting in unclear positioning position points and low positioning accuracy. To solve this problem, a high-precision diversity positioning technology is proposed. Firstly, an antenna delay calibration algorithm based on channel code phase is proposed to eliminate the hardware delay difference of different antennas. Then, a method of calculating antenna baseline vector in Beidou coordinate system independent of external attitude information is introduced, and the calculation accuracy is theoretically analyzed. Finally, a diversity positioning algorithm considering antenna delay and baseline vector is introduced. By reducing the positioning results to the reference antenna, the positioning position points are defined, thus improving the positioning accuracy. The comparison test was carried out under outdoor static environmental conditions. The results show that the positioning accuracy of BDS diversity receiver is significantly improved by this positioning technology, and the positioning accuracy of single antenna is achieved.