星载主动遥感气溶胶-云参数技术需求与进展

Requirement and progress of space-based active remote sensing for aerosol and cloud

摘要:

面对越来越迫切的气象和气候预测及大气环境监测需求，利用主动星载仪器在全球范围内探测云和气溶胶参数成为快速发展的研究领域。相比被动遥感仪器，主动仪器可以获取云和气溶胶参数的垂直分布信息，这将在天气气候模式的改进方面发挥重要作用。通过云和气溶胶遥感需求分析，从雷达数据应用角度，首先介绍了数值模式对云和气溶胶的科学参数需求和定量需求，进一步分析了云和气溶胶联合观测的需求，以及星载微波激光雷达的探测特点；然后对国内外正在规划的星载云和气溶胶微波激光雷达探测任务进行了综述，包括仪器指标和数据产品设计；最后展望这一领域的应用前景。

Abstract:

Facing the urgent needs for meteorological and climate prediction and atmospheric environment monitoring, the use of active spaceborne instruments to detect global clouds and aerosols has become a rapidly developing research field. Compared with passive remote sensing technologies, active instruments could obtain profiles of cloud and aerosol parameters, which play an important role in improving weather and climate models. In this paper, the scientific requirements for cloud and aerosol remote sensing are discussed out. First, the application and quantitative demands of number models for the cloud and aerosol measurements for models are introduced from the perspective of radar data application. Further, the requirements for joint observation of clouds and aerosols, and the detection characteristics of spaceborne microwave lidar radar are analyzed. In addition, the planned mission for spaceborne lidar and millimeter-wave radar for cloud and aerosol remote sensing including instrument specifications and product designs are reviewed. Finally, the future development of this field is also presented.